Linux(CentOS7)安装Tomcat与设置Tomcat为开机启动项(tomcat8为例)

# 进入/usr/local/tomcat目录
cd /usr/local/tomcat
# 解压Tomcat压缩包
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.47.tar.gz

# 进入Tomcat的bin目录，启动Tomcat
cd apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/
# 启动Tomcat
./startup.sh

# 查看Tomcat是否启动成功执行
ps -ef | grep tomcat
# 如果输出如下，说明Tomcat安装成功
root  2381  1 11 22:18 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root  2513 29060 0 22:18 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat

# 开启8080端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
# 查询端口号8080是否开启
firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp
# 重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --reload
# 查看开放端口列表
firewall-cmd --list-port
# 命令含义
--zone #作用域
--add-port=8080/tcp #添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议
--permanent #永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动

# 设置Tomcat的PID文件
CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/tomcat.pid"
# 添加JVM选项
JAVA_OPTS="-server -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m -Xms512M -Xmx1024M -XX:MaxNewSize=256m"

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152
export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/jre

[root@JourWon ~]# systemctl status tomcat
● tomcat.service - Tomcat
 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
 Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2019-10-21 19:54:54 CST; 6s ago
 Process: 8746 ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: Starting Tomcat...
Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon startup.sh[8746]: Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_...d
Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon startup.sh[8746]: At least one of these environment ...m
Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: tomcat.service: control process exited,...=1
Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: Failed to start Tomcat.
Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: Unit tomcat.service entered failed state.
Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: tomcat.service failed.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
TimeoutSec=0
PIDFile=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon startup.sh[1634]: Existing PID file found during start.
Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon startup.sh[1634]: Removing/clearing stale PID file.
Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon startup.sh[1634]: Tomcat started.
Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon systemd[1]: PID file /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid not readable (yet?) after start.
Oct 21 20:26:38 JourWon polkitd[464]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:1628:19013 (system bus name :1.23, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, loca
Oct 21 20:28:07 JourWon systemd[1]: tomcat.service start operation timed out. Terminating.
Oct 21 20:28:07 JourWon systemd[1]: Failed to start Tomcat.

[root@JourWon ~]# systemctl status tomcat
● tomcat.service - Tomcat
 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
 Active: activating (start) since Mon 2019-10-21 20:12:19 CST; 8s ago
 Process: 9244 ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 CGroup: /system.slice/tomcat.service
   └─9255 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/jre/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apac...

Oct 21 20:12:19 JourWon systemd[1]: Starting Tomcat...
Oct 21 20:12:19 JourWon startup.sh[9244]: Existing PID file found during start.
Oct 21 20:12:19 JourWon startup.sh[9244]: Removing/clearing stale PID file.
Oct 21 20:12:19 JourWon startup.sh[9244]: Tomcat started.
Oct 21 20:12:19 JourWon systemd[1]: PID file /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid not readable (yet?) after start.

[root@JourWon ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep tomcat
tomcat.service        enabled