C语言控制台版2048小游戏

/**
 * @author Routh
 * @main.c
 * @date 2014, 4, 26
 */
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>
// console width
#define CONSOLE_WIDTH 80
#define BOX_WIDTH 10
 
 int BOX[4][4] = {
    {0,  0,  0,  0},
    {0,  0,  0,  0},
    {0,  0, 0,  0},
    {0,  0,  0,  0}};
 
// the console output handle
HANDLE c_handle;
 
void setCursorPosition(short x, short y) {
  static COORD c;
  c.X = x;
  c.Y = y;
  SetConsoleCursorPosition(c_handle, c);
}
 
void drawTheGameBox() {
  printf("%15s■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■\n", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■\n", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■\n", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■\n", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■%8s■%8s■%8s■%8s■\n", "", "", "", "", "");
  printf("%15s■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■\n", "");
}
/**
 * get a random position: R
 * the x : 0xff & (R >> 4)
 * the y : 0x0f & R
 */
int random() {
  int i = 0, j = 0, _index = 0, rrr = 0;
  int rand_arr[16] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
  srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
  // rand()
  for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
    for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++) {
      if(BOX[i][j] == 0) {
        rand_arr[_index ++] = (0xff & i << 4) | (0xf & j);
      }
    }
  }
  if(_index == 0) {
    return -1;
  }
  return rand_arr[rand() % _index];
}
/** the clean array.**/
int* alogs(int item[]) {
  int i = 0, j = 0;
  int tep[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0}, tmp[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
    if(item[i] != 0) {
      tep[j ++] = item[i];
    }
  }
  for(i = 0; i < 3; i ++) {
    if(tep[0] == 0) break;
    if(tep[i] == tep[i + 1]) {
      tep[i] *= 2;
      tep[i + 1] = 0;
    }
  }
  j = 0;
  for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
    if(tep[i] != 0) {
      tmp[j ++] = tep[i];
    }
  }
  return (int *)(&tmp);
}
/** BOX can move.*/
int validate(int item[]) {
  int i = 0;
  for(i = 0; i < 3; i ++) {
    if(item[i] != 0 && item[i] == item[i + 1]) return 1;
    if(item[i] == 0 && item[i + 1] != 0) return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
 
int keydownControlx(int key) {
  int i = 0, j = 0;
  int *p;
  int tp[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  switch(key) {
  case 72: // up
    j = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
      tp[0] = BOX[0][i];
      tp[1] = BOX[1][i];
      tp[2] = BOX[2][i];
      tp[3] = BOX[3][i];
      p = alogs(tp);
      if(!validate(tp)) j ++;
      BOX[0][i] = p[0];
      BOX[1][i] = p[1];
      BOX[2][i] = p[2];
      BOX[3][i] = p[3];
    }
    return j != 4;
  case 80: // down
    j = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
      tp[0] = BOX[3][i];
      tp[1] = BOX[2][i];
      tp[2] = BOX[1][i];
      tp[3] = BOX[0][i];
      p = alogs(tp);
      if(!validate(tp)) j ++;
      BOX[3][i] = p[0];
      BOX[2][i] = p[1];
      BOX[1][i] = p[2];
      BOX[0][i] = p[3];
    }
    return j != 4;
  case 75: // left
    j = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
      tp[0] = BOX[i][0];
      tp[1] = BOX[i][1];
      tp[2] = BOX[i][2];
      tp[3] = BOX[i][3];
      p = alogs(tp);
      if(!validate(tp)) j ++;
      BOX[i][0] = p[0];
      BOX[i][1] = p[1];
      BOX[i][2] = p[2];
      BOX[i][3] = p[3];
    }
    return j != 4;
  case 77: // right
    j = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
      tp[0] = BOX[i][3];
      tp[1] = BOX[i][2];
      tp[2] = BOX[i][1];
      tp[3] = BOX[i][0];
      p = alogs(tp);
      if(!validate(tp)) j ++;
      BOX[i][3] = p[0];
      BOX[i][2] = p[1];
      BOX[i][1] = p[2];
      BOX[i][0] = p[3];
    }
    return j != 4;
  default: return 0;
  }
  return 0;
}
 
int main() {
  int i = 0, j = 0, r = 0;
  /** set the cursor, visible or invisible.*/
  CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cci = {1, 0};
  /** get the console output handle.*/
  c_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
  // hide the cursor.
  SetConsoleCursorInfo(c_handle, &cci);
  //
  SetConsoleTextAttribute(c_handle, 0x3);
  //system("color 30");
  drawTheGameBox();
  r = random();
  if(rand() % 2 == 0) {
    BOX[0xff & ( r >> 4)][0xf & r] = 2;
  } else {
    BOX[0xff & ( r >> 4)][0xf & r] = 4;
  }
  for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
    for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++) {
      if(BOX[i][j] == 0) continue;
      setCursorPosition(17 + j * 8 + 2 + (j * 2), i * 4 + (i + 2));
      //SetConsoleTextAttribute(c_handle, BOX[i][j]);
      printf("%d", BOX[i][j]);
    }
  }
 
  // begin
  while(1) {
    Sleep(100);
    // key down.
    while (_kbhit())
    {
      // the key down fun.
      if(!keydownControlx(_getch())) continue;
      // clear the console and redraw.
      system("cls");
      SetConsoleTextAttribute(c_handle, 0x3);
      drawTheGameBox();
      for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++) {
        for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++) {
          if(BOX[i][j] == 0) continue;
          setCursorPosition(17 + j * 8 + 2 + (j * 2), i * 4 + (i + 2));
          //SetConsoleTextAttribute(c_handle, BOX[i][j]);
          printf("%d", BOX[i][j]);
        }
      }
      r = random();
      if( r == -1 ) { // game over
        //SetConsoleTextAttribute(c_handle, 0xff0000);
        setCursorPosition(27, 10);
        printf("GAME ORVER!!!!!!!");
      }
      if(rand() % 2 == 0) {
        BOX[0xff & ( r >> 4)][0xf & r] = 2;
      } else {
        BOX[0xff & ( r >> 4)][0xf & r] = 4;
      }
      Sleep(100);
      setCursorPosition(17 + (0xf & r) * 8 + 2 + ((0xf & r) * 2), (0xff & ( r >> 4)) * 4 + ((0xff & ( r >> 4)) + 2));
      //SetConsoleTextAttribute(c_handle, BOX[0xff & ( r >> 4)][0xf & r]);
      printf("%d", BOX[0xff & ( r >> 4)][0xf & r]);
 
    }
  }
 
  return 0;
}

/*
 * Copyright (C) Judge Young
 * E-mail: yjjtc@126.com
 * Version: 1.0
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>  /* 包含设定随机数种子所需要的time()函数 */
#include <conio.h>  /* 包含Windows平台上完成输入字符不带回显和回车确认的getch()函数 */
#include <windows.h> /* 包含Windows平台上完成设定输出光标位置达到清屏功能的函数 */ 

void start_game(); /* 开始游戏 */
void reset_game(); /* 重置游戏 */

/* 往左右上下四个方向移动 */
void move_left(); 
void move_right();
void move_up();
void move_down();

void refresh_show();  /* 刷新界面显示 */
void add_rand_num();  /* 生成随机数，本程序中仅生成2或4，概率之比设为2:1 */
void check_game_over(); /* 检测是否输掉游戏，设定游戏结束标志 */
int get_null_count();  /* 获取游戏面板上空位置数量 */

int board[4][4];   /* 游戏数字面板，抽象为二维数组 */
int score;      /* 游戏的分 */
int best;      /* 游戏最高分 */
int if_need_add_num; /* 是否需要生成随机数标志，1表示需要，0表示不需要 */
int if_game_over;  /* 是否游戏结束标志，1表示游戏结束，0表示正常 */

/* main函数 函数定义 */
int main()
{
  start_game();
} 

/* 开始游戏 函数定义 */
void start_game()
{
  reset_game();
  char cmd;
  while (1)
  {
    cmd = getch(); /* 接收标准输入流字符命令 */
    
    if (if_game_over) /* 判断是否需已经输掉游戏 */
    {
      if (cmd == 'y' || cmd == 'Y') /* 重玩游戏 */
      {
        reset_game();
        continue;
      }
      else if (cmd == 'n' || cmd == 'N') /* 退出 */
      {
        return;
      }
      else
      {
        continue;
      }
    }
    
    if_need_add_num = 0; /* 先设定不默认需要生成随机数，需要时再设定为1 */
    
    switch (cmd) /* 命令解析，w，s，a，d字符代表上下左右命令 */
    {
    case 'a':
    case 'A':
    case 75 :
      move_left();
      break;
    case 's':
    case 'S':
    case 80 :
      move_down();
      break;
    case 'w':
    case 'W':
    case 72 :
      move_up();
      break;
    case 'd':
    case 'D':
    case 77 :
      move_right();
      break;
    }
    
    score > best ? best = score : 1; /* 打破得分纪录 */
    
    if (if_need_add_num) /* 默认为需要生成随机数时也同时需要刷新显示，反之亦然 */
    {
      add_rand_num();
      refresh_show();
    }
  }
}

/* 重置游戏 函数定义 */
void reset_game()
{
  score = 0;
  if_need_add_num = 1;
  if_game_over = 0;
  
  /* 了解到游戏初始化时出现的两个数一定会有个2，所以先随机生成一个2，其他均为0 */ 
  int n = rand() % 16;
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
      board[i][j] = (n-- == 0 ? 2 : 0);
    }
  }
  
  /* 前面已经生成了一个2，这里再生成一个随机的2或者4，且设定生成2的概率是4的两倍 */
  add_rand_num();
  
  /* 在这里刷新界面并显示的时候，界面上已经默认出现了两个数字，其他的都为空（值为0） */
  system("cls");
  refresh_show();
}

/* 生成随机数 函数定义 */
void add_rand_num()
{
  srand(time(0));
  int n = rand() % get_null_count();/* 确定在何处空位置生成随机数 */
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
      if (board[i][j] == 0 && n-- == 0) /* 定位待生成的位置 */
      {
        board[i][j] = (rand() % 3 ? 2 : 4);/* 确定生成何值，设定生成2的概率是4的概率的两倍 */
        return;
      }
    }
  }
}

/* 获取空位置数量 函数定义 */
int get_null_count()
{
  int n = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
      board[i][j] == 0 ? n++ : 1;
    }
  }
  return n;
}

/* 检查游戏是否结束 函数定义 */
void check_game_over()
{
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
    {
      /* 横向和纵向比较挨着的两个元素是否相等，若有相等则游戏不结束 */
      if (board[i][j] == board[i][j+1] || board[j][i] == board[j+1][i])
      {
        if_game_over = 0;
        return;
      }
    }
  }
  if_game_over = 1;
}

/*
 * 如下四个函数，实现上下左右移动时数字面板的变化算法
 * 左和右移动的本质一样，区别仅仅是列项的遍历方向相反
 * 上和下移动的本质一样，区别仅仅是行项的遍历方向相反
 * 左和上移动的本质也一样，区别仅仅是遍历时行和列互换
 */ 

/* 左移 函数定义 */
void move_left()
{
  /* 变量i用来遍历行项的下标，并且在移动时所有行相互独立，互不影响 */ 
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    /* 变量j为列下标，变量k为待比较（合并）项的下标，循环进入时k<j */
    for (int j = 1, k = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
      if (board[i][j] > 0) /* 找出k后面第一个不为空的项，下标为j，之后分三种情况 */
      {
        if (board[i][k] == board[i][j]) /* 情况1：k项和j项相等，此时合并方块并计分 */
        {
          score += board[i][k++] <<= 1;
          board[i][j] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1; /* 需要生成随机数和刷新界面 */ 
        }
        else if (board[i][k] == 0) /* 情况2：k项为空，则把j项赋值给k项，相当于j方块移动到k方块 */
        {
          board[i][k] = board[i][j];
          board[i][j] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else /* 情况3：k项不为空，且和j项不相等，此时把j项赋值给k+1项，相当于移动到k+1的位置 */
        {
          board[i][++k] = board[i][j];
          if (j != k) /* 判断j项和k项是否原先就挨在一起，若不是则把j项赋值为空（值为0） */
          {
            board[i][j] = 0;
            if_need_add_num = 1;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* 右移 函数定义 */
void move_right()
{
  /* 仿照左移操作，区别仅仅是j和k都反向遍历 */
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 2, k = 3; j >= 0; j--)
    {
      if (board[i][j] > 0)
      {
        if (board[i][k] == board[i][j])
        {
          score += board[i][k--] <<= 1;
          board[i][j] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else if (board[i][k] == 0)
        {
          board[i][k] = board[i][j];
          board[i][j] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else
        {
          board[i][--k] = board[i][j];
          if (j != k)
          {
            board[i][j] = 0;
            if_need_add_num = 1;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* 上移 函数定义 */
void move_up()
{
  /* 仿照左移操作，区别仅仅是行列互换后遍历 */
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 1, k = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
      if (board[j][i] > 0)
      {
        if (board[k][i] == board[j][i])
        {
          score += board[k++][i] <<= 1;
          board[j][i] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else if (board[k][i] == 0)
        {
          board[k][i] = board[j][i];
          board[j][i] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else
        {
          board[++k][i] = board[j][i];
          if (j != k)
          {
            board[j][i] = 0;
            if_need_add_num = 1;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* 下移 函数定义 */
void move_down()
{
  /* 仿照左移操作，区别仅仅是行列互换后遍历，且j和k都反向遍历 */
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 2, k = 3; j >= 0; j--)
    {
      if (board[j][i] > 0)
      {
        if (board[k][i] == board[j][i])
        {
          score += board[k--][i] <<= 1;
          board[j][i] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else if (board[k][i] == 0)
        {
          board[k][i] = board[j][i];
          board[j][i] = 0;
          if_need_add_num = 1;
        }
        else
        {
          board[--k][i] = board[j][i];
          if (j != k)
          {
            board[j][i] = 0;
            if_need_add_num = 1;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


/* 刷新界面 函数定义 */
void refresh_show()
{
  /* 重设光标输出位置方式清屏可以减少闪烁，system("cls")为备用清屏命令，均为Windows平台相关*/
  COORD pos = {0, 0};
  SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pos);
  
  printf("\n\n\n\n");
  printf("        GAME: 2048   SCORE: %06d  BEST: %06d\n", score, best);
  printf("       --------------------------------------------------\n\n");
  
  /* 绘制表格和数字 */
  printf("            ┌──┬──┬──┬──┐\n");
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    printf("            │");
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
      if (board[i][j] != 0)
      {
        if (board[i][j] < 10)
        {
          printf(" %d │", board[i][j]);          
        }
        else if (board[i][j] < 100)
        {
          printf(" %d │", board[i][j]);
        }
        else if (board[i][j] < 1000)
        {
          printf(" %d│", board[i][j]);
        }
        else if (board[i][j] < 10000)
        {
          printf("%4d│", board[i][j]);
        }
        else
        {
          int n = board[i][j];
          for (int k = 1; k < 20; k++)
          {
            n >>= 1;
            if (n == 1)
            {
              printf("2^%02d│", k); /* 超过四位的数字用2的幂形式表示，如2^13形式 */
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      else printf("  │");
    }
    
    if (i < 3)
    {
      printf("\n            ├──┼──┼──┼──┤\n");
    }
    else
    {
      printf("\n            └──┴──┴──┴──┘\n");
    }
  }
  
  printf("\n");
  printf("       --------------------------------------------------\n");
  printf("              W↑ A← →D ↓S");
  
  if (get_null_count() == 0)
  {
    check_game_over();
    if (if_game_over) /* 判断是否输掉游戏 */
    {
      printf("\r          GAME OVER! TRY THE GAME AGAIN? [Y/N]");
    }
  }
}