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C#影院售票系统毕业设计(1)

来源:本站原创|时间:2020-01-10|栏目:C#教程|点击:

 C#学习经历从基本语法结构到窗体再到面向对象终于走完了.NET初级程序员的道路,用了大概一天半的时间做完这个练手项目《影院售票系统》,先上效果截图一张

抽出时间做些这个对目前的我来说算不小的项目。

用到的知识点有:面向对象思想、TreeView、XML读取、File文件流、泛型集合,这里面对我来说难度最大的是面向对象与泛型集合的结合,看来学习一门编程语言的难点还是在设计思想上。

再来介绍一下项目需求:在影片列表中选择某个时段的一场电影,单击座位选择一个种类的电影票,并创建电影,计算价格并打印影票信息,然后该座位被置为红色表示已经售出。

影院每天更新放映列表,系统支持实时查看,包括电影放映场次时间、电影概况。

影院提供三类影票:普通票、赠票和学生票(赠票免费;学生票有折扣)

允许用户查看某场次座位的售出情况

支持购票,并允许用户选座

用户可以选择场次、影票类型及空闲座位进行购票,并打印电影票

系统可以保存销售情况,并允许对其进行恢复

一、问题分析

1.系统开发步骤

(1)明确需求

(2)设计类

(3)创建项目

(4)确定编码顺序

      1.主窗体

      2.查看新放映列表

      3.查看电影介绍

      4.查看影票票价

     5.查看放映厅座位

     6.购票和打印电影票

     7.继续购票

(5)测试

二、类的设计

 献上这9个类的代码,根据依赖编写类的顺序,不能完全按照上面顺序

1.Seat:保存影院的座位信息,主要属性如下

座位号(SeatNum):string类型

座位卖出状态颜色(Color):System.Drawing.Color类型

using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Drawing;
 
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 保存影院的座位信息
 /// </summary>
 public class Seat
 {
 public Seat() { }
 public Seat(string seatNum,Color color) 
 {
 this.SeatNum = seatNum;
 this.Color = color;
 }
 private string _seatNum;
 /// <summary>
 /// 座位号
 /// </summary>
 public string SeatNum
 {
 get { return _seatNum; }
 set { _seatNum = value; }
 }
 private Color _color;
 /// <summary>
 /// 座位卖出状态颜色
 /// </summary>
 public Color Color
 {
 get { return _color; }
 set { _color = value; }
 }
 }
 }

2.Movie:电影类

电影名(MovieName):string类型

海报图片路径(Poster):string类型

导演名(Director):string类型

主演(Actor):string类型

电影类型(MovieType):MovieType自定义枚举类型

定价(Price):int类型

using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;

 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 电影类
 /// </summary>
 public class Movie
 {
 private string _movieName;
 /// <summary>
 /// 电影名
 /// </summary>
 public string MovieName
 {
 get { return _movieName; }
 set { _movieName = value; }
 }
 private string _poster;
 /// <summary>
 /// 海报图片名
 /// </summary>
 public string Poster
 {
 get { return _poster; }
 set { _poster = value; }
 }
 private string _director;
 /// <summary>
 /// 导演名
 /// </summary>
 public string Director
 {
 get { return _director; }
 set { _director = value; }
 }
 private string _actor;
 /// <summary>
 /// 主演
 /// </summary>
 public string Actor
 {
 get { return _actor; }
 set { _actor = value; }
 }
 
 private int _price;
 /// <summary>
 /// 定价
 /// </summary>
 public int Price
 {
 get { return _price; }
 set { _price = value; }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 电影类型
 /// </summary>
 public MovieType MovieType { get; set; }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 电影类型,1喜剧2战争3爱情
 /// </summary>
 public enum MovieType
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 动作片
 /// </summary>
 Action = 0,
 /// <summary>
 /// 战争片
 /// </summary>
 War = 1,
 /// <summary>
 /// 爱情片
 /// </summary>
 Comedy = 2
 }
 }

3.Ticket:电影票父类,保存电影票信息

放映场次(ScheduleItem):ScheduleItem自定义类

所属座位对象(Seat):Seat自定义类型

票价(Price):int类型

计算票价的虚方法CalcPrice()

打印售票信息的虚方法Print()

显示当前售出票信息的虚方法Show() 

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Windows.Forms;
 using System.IO;
 
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 电影票父类
 /// </summary>
 public class Ticket
 {
 public Ticket() { }
 public Ticket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat) 
 {
 this.ScheduItem = sch;
 this.Seat = seat;
 }
 private Seat _seat = new Seat();
 /// <summary>
 /// 所属座位
 /// </summary>
 public Seat Seat
 {
 get { return _seat; }
 set { _seat = value; }
 }
 
 private int _price;
 /// <summary>
 /// 票价
 /// </summary>
 public int Price
 {
 get { return _price; }
 set { _price = value; }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 放映场次
 /// </summary>
 public ScheduleItem ScheduItem { get; set; }
 /// <summary>
 /// 计算票价
 /// </summary>
 public virtual void CalcPrice()
 {
 this.Price = ScheduItem.Movie.Price;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 打印售票信息
 /// </summary>
 public virtual void Print()
 {
 string info = string.Format("************************************************\n\t青鸟影院\n------------------------------------------------\n电影名:\t{0}\n时间:\t{1}\n座位号:\t{2}\n价格:\t{3}\n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.Price);
 MessageBox.Show(info);
 //存到文件中
 string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-")+" "+this.Seat.SeatNum+".txt";
 FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName,FileMode.Create);
 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
 sw.Write(info);
 sw.Close();
 fs.Close();
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 显示当前售票信息
 /// </summary>
 public virtual void Show()
 {
 string info = string.Format("已售出!\n普通票!");
 MessageBox.Show(info);
 }
 }
 }

4.StudentTicket:学生票子类,继承父类Ticket

学生票的折扣(Discount):int类型

重写父类计算票价CalcPrice

重写父类打印售票信息的Print()

重写父类显示当前出票信息的Show()方法

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Windows.Forms;
 using System.IO;
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 学生票
 /// </summary>
 public class StudentTicket : Ticket
 {
 public StudentTicket() { }
 public StudentTicket(ScheduleItem sch, Seat seat, int discount)
 : base(sch, seat)
 {
 this.Discount = discount;
 }
 private int _discount;
 /// <summary>
 /// 学生票的折扣
 /// </summary>
 public int Discount
 {
 get { return _discount; }
 set { _discount = value; }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 计算学生票价
 /// </summary>
 public override void CalcPrice()
 {
 this.Price =this.ScheduItem.Movie.Price* Discount / 10;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 打印学生票的售票信息
 /// </summary>
 public override void Print()
 {
 string info = string.Format("************************************************\n\t青鸟影院(学生)\n------------------------------------------------\n电影名:\t{0}\n时间:\t{1}\n座位号:\t{2}\n价格:\t{3}\n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.Price);
 MessageBox.Show(info);
 //存到文件中
 string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + this.Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
 FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
 sw.Write(info);
 sw.Close();
 fs.Close();
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 显示当前售出票信息
 /// </summary>
 public override void Show()
 {
 string info = string.Format("已售出!\n{0}折学生票!",this.Discount);
 MessageBox.Show(info);
 }
 }
 }

5.FreeTicket:赠票子类,继承父类Ticket

获得赠票者的名字属性(CustomerName):string类型

重写父类计算票价CalcPrice()

重写父类打印售票信息Print()

重写父类显示当前出票信息Show()

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Windows.Forms;
 using System.IO;
 
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 赠票
 /// </summary>
 public class FreeTicket:Ticket
 {
 public FreeTicket() { }
 public FreeTicket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat,string name) 
 {
 this.Seat = seat;
 this.CustomerName = name;
 this.ScheduItem = sch;
 }
 private string _customerName;
 /// <summary>
 /// 获得赠票者的名字
 /// </summary>
 public string CustomerName
 {
 get { return _customerName; }
 set { _customerName = value; }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 计算票价
 /// </summary>
 public override void CalcPrice()
 {
 this.Price = 0;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 打印售票信息
 /// </summary>
 public override void Print()
 {
 string info = string.Format("************************************************\n\t青鸟影院(赠票)\n------------------------------------------------\n电影名:\t{0}\n时间:\t{1}\n座位号:\t{2}\n姓名:\t{3}\n************************************************", this.ScheduItem.Movie.MovieName, this.ScheduItem.Time, this.Seat.SeatNum, this.CustomerName);
 MessageBox.Show(info);
 //存到文件中
 string fileName = this.ScheduItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + this.Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
 FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
 sw.Write(info);
 sw.Close();
 fs.Close();
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 显示当前售出票信息
 /// </summary>
 public override void Show()
 {
 MessageBox.Show("已售出!\n赠票!");
 }
 }
 }

6.ScheduleItem:影院每天计划放映计划的场次,保存每场电影的信息

放映时间属性(Time):string类型

本场所放映电影属性(Movie):Movie自定义类型

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 影院每天计划放映的场次,保存每场电影的信息
 /// </summary>
 public class ScheduleItem
 {
 private string _time;
 /// <summary>
 /// 放映时间
 /// </summary>
 public string Time
 {
 get { return _time; }
 set { _time = value; }
 }
 private Movie _movie = new Movie();
 
 /// <summary>
 /// 本场放映的电影
 /// </summary>
 public Movie Movie
 {
 get { return _movie; }
 set { _movie = value; }
 }
 private List<Ticket> _soldTickets=new List<Ticket>();
 
 private Dictionary<string, Seat> _seats=new Dictionary<string,Seat>();
 /// <summary>
 /// 本场次的座位状态
 /// </summary>
 public Dictionary<string, Seat> Seats
 {
 get { return _seats; }
 set { _seats = value; }
 }
 }
 }

7.Schedule:放映计划类

放映场次属性(Items):自定义泛型集合Dictionary<string,ScheduleItem>

读取XML文件获取放映计划集合的LoadItems()方法

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Xml;
 
namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 放映计划类,保存影院当天的放映计划集合
 /// </summary>
 public class Schedule
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 放映场次
 /// </summary>
 public Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem> Items = new Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem>();
 /// <summary>
 /// 读取XML文件获取放映计划集合
 /// </summary>
 public void LoadItems()
 {
 Items.Clear();
 XmlDocument xml = new XmlDocument();
 xml.Load("ShowList.xml");
 XmlElement root = xml.DocumentElement;
 foreach (XmlNode item in root.ChildNodes)
 {
  Movie movie = new Movie();
  movie.MovieName = item["Name"].InnerText;
  movie.Poster = item["Poster"].InnerText;
  movie.Director = item["Director"].InnerText;
  movie.Actor = item["Actor"].InnerText;
  switch (item["Type"].InnerText)
  {
  case "Action":
  movie.MovieType = MovieType.Action;
  break;
  case "War":
  movie.MovieType = MovieType.War;
  break;
  case "Comedy":
  movie.MovieType = MovieType.Comedy;
  break;
 }
  movie.Price = Convert.ToInt32(item["Price"].InnerText);
 if (item["Schedule"].HasChildNodes)
  {
  foreach (XmlNode item2 in item["Schedule"].ChildNodes)
  {
  ScheduleItem schItem = new ScheduleItem();
  schItem.Time = item2.InnerText;
  schItem.Movie = movie;
  Items.Add(schItem.Time, schItem);
  }
  }
 
 }

 }
 }
 }

8.Cinema:影院类,保存放映计划和座位类

座位集合属性(Seat):自定义泛型集合Dictionary<string,Seat>

放映计划Schedule:Schedule自定义类型

已售出电影票的集合(SoldTicket):自定义泛型集合List<Ticket>

保存和读取售票情况的Save()和Load()方法

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 影院类
 /// </summary>
 public class Cinema
 {
 private Dictionary<string, Seat> _seats = new Dictionary<string, Seat>();
 /// <summary>
 /// 座位集合
 /// </summary>
 public Dictionary<string, Seat> Seats
 {
 get { return _seats; }
 set { _seats = value; }
 }
 private Schedule _schedule = new Schedule();
 /// <summary>
 /// 放映计划
 /// </summary>
 public Schedule Schedule
 {
 get { return _schedule; }
 set { _schedule = value; }
 }
 private List<Ticket> _soldTickets=new List<Ticket>();
 /// <summary>
 /// 已经售出的票
 /// </summary>
 public List<Ticket> SoldTickets
 {
 get { return _soldTickets; }
 set { _soldTickets = value; }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 保存售票信息到文件中
 /// </summary>
 public void Save() 
 {
 //Save和Load的代码在窗体的代码实现了
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 从文件中读取售票信息
 /// </summary>
 public void Load() { }
 }
 }

9.工具类

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace 影院售票系统
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 工具类
 /// </summary>
 public class TicketUtil
 {
 /// <summary>
 /// 创建电影票
 /// </summary>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static Ticket CreateTicket(ScheduleItem sch,Seat seat,int discount,string customerName,string type)
 {
 Ticket ticket=null;
 switch (type)
 {
  case "StudentTicket":
  ticket = new StudentTicket(sch,seat,discount);
  break;
  case "FreeTicket":
  ticket = new FreeTicket(sch,seat,customerName);
  break;
  default:
  ticket = new Ticket(sch,seat);
  break;
 }
 return ticket;
 }
 }
}

下篇文章将继续更新,内容有电影院座位的动态绘制、电影信息绑定到窗体中展现出来,希望大家不要走开,有什么地方需要改进的欢迎大家指出,共同探讨进步。

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